The knee joint is one of the most stressed joints in the body and injuries can affect both the inside and outside of the knee. The pain can come on suddenly at the time of injury or develop gradually through overuse.
Common causes of knee pain
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Runner's knee (iliotibial band syndrome, ITB)
An overuse injury where the tendon on the outside of the thigh rubs against the femur. Causes pain on the outside of the knee during activity, especially when running. -
Cruciate ligament injuries (ACL and PCL injuries)
Usually occurs when twisting or a strong blow to the knee. Often causes a clear "pop", rapid swelling and a feeling of instability. -
Meniscus injury
The meniscus acts as a shock absorber in the knee joint. Damage causes pain along the joint space, sometimes with swelling or locking. -
Schlatter knee (Osgood-Schlatter)
An overuse injury that affects growing adolescents. Causes pain and tenderness just below the kneecap where the tendon attaches to the lower leg.
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Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFSS)
Overload around the kneecap which can cause diffuse pain on the front or inside of the knee.
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Osteoarthritis (medial or lateral)
Wear and tear in the cartilage of the knee joint leading to stiffness, pain and reduced mobility. -
Overpronation of the foot
When the foot falls inward when walking, the load on the knee can increase and cause pain, especially on the inside.
Symptoms
- Pain on the inside, outside, or front of the knee
- Stiffness or swelling in the knee joint
- Feelings of instability or locking
- Pain with exertion or rest
When should you seek medical attention?
Seek medical attention if the pain is severe, the knee feels unstable, swells, or if the symptoms do not go away despite relief and self-care.
Recommended protection & support
Stabilizing knee pads can provide support for meniscus and ligament injuries, while relieving pads provide relief for runner's knee or bursitis. In the case of osteoarthritis, special osteoarthritis pads help reduce the load and facilitate movement. For overpronation, insoles with pronation support can contribute to better stride patterns and reduced strain on the knee joint.
