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Thumb pain

The text has been reviewed by our licensed physiotherapist.

Ida is a licensed physiotherapist with extensive experience in muscle and joint problems. She helps our clients find the right support – and in her free time she enjoys long-distance running.

The thumb plays a central role in the hand's grip function and is therefore often exposed to strain. Pain in the thumb can be due to several causes – from overload and inflammation to thumb osteoarthritis or ligament injuries.

What is thumb pain?

The thumb is crucial for hand strength and grip. Common problems arise from osteoarthritis of the thumb base, inflammation of the gliding tendons (De Quervain's) or ligament injuries after trauma. The problems can lead to pain, swelling and reduced function in both the thumb and wrist.

Common causes & risk factors

Thumb problems can arise for a number of reasons. Osteoarthritis of the thumb base is a wear and tear of the articular cartilage in the thumb base joint that often causes pain during movement and strain. De Quervain's syndrome involves inflammation of the gliding tendons in the thumb base and often leads to pain on the thumb side of the wrist. Ligament injuries in the thumb usually occur from sprains or direct trauma, and often manifest as bruising and swelling. Repeated overload or one-sided movements can also increase the risk of problems.

Symptom

  • Pain in the base of the thumb or the base joint of the thumb
  • Swelling and stiffness
  • Pain with movement and strain, sometimes even at rest
  • Reduced grip strength and instability in the thumb

When should you seek medical attention?

Seek medical attention if you experience persistent pain, suspect ligament damage, or if the problem affects your hand's everyday function.

Recommended protection & support

There are several aids to relieve and prevent discomfort. Thumb splints can relieve and stabilize the thumb base in cases of osteoarthritis, while wrist supports with thumb supports are a good alternative for inflammation or De Quervain's syndrome. In cases of ligament injuries or sprains, more stable thumb supports are recommended that provide extra protection. In addition, ergonomic aids can make everyday life easier and reduce strain both at work and in leisure time.