Bunion – causes, symptoms and relief for crooked big toe
A bunion means that the big toe is angled inward towards the other toes, often with a prominent bump on the inside of the foot. The misalignment can cause pain, increased pressure and difficulty finding shoes that do not cause discomfort.
What is bunion?
Hallux valgus is also called a bent big toe and is a common problem in the forefoot. A normal angle in the big toe joint is up to 10°, but when the angle becomes larger, pressure often occurs between the toes and a prominent bone growth, the so-called hallux valgus tubercle. The development often occurs slowly over time and can affect both the big toe joint and the other toes.
Symptoms
- Big toe angled inward towards the other toes
- Visible lump on the inside of the big toe joint
- Pain and redness when pressure is applied to the feet from shoes
- Difficulty finding shoes that fit
- Pain in the forefoot and sometimes difficulty walking without discomfort
Common causes & risk factors
Hallux valgus can develop for several reasons. Heredity plays a major role as the condition often runs in families. A sunken front arch can increase pressure over the big toe joint, and overpronation leads to increased strain on the inside of the forefoot. Tight or hard shoes, especially heels that shift the body's weight forward, also contribute to the risk. Over time, a long-term misalignment can gradually worsen and cause increased discomfort.
When should you seek medical attention?
If you have recurring pain, difficulty walking long distances, or cannot find shoes that work without discomfort, you should contact your healthcare provider for an assessment. In more severe cases, an orthopedist can assess the need for further treatment.
Recommended protection & support
There are several aids to relieve pressure and reduce the strain of hallux valgus. Spacious shoes reduce pressure over the big toe joint, while pads or arch inserts can stabilise the front arch of the foot. Hallux valgus supports help correct and relieve the big toe both day and night. In the case of overpronation, pronation insoles can reduce pressure on the inside of the big toe joint, and silicone inserts provide local relief over the bunion to increase comfort in everyday life. See all our products for the foot here.
About our Injury Guide – quick guidance in case of complaints
In our Injury Guide, you will receive clear and easy-to-understand information about common injuries, how they occur and what symptoms usually occur. You will also receive recommendations on which protection and aids can relieve your discomfort and help you further in your rehabilitation. All information is based on expert knowledge from our licensed physiotherapist.
For more information about the foot and heel, you can read more in the Injury Guide Foot & Heel, and you can also go to the Injury Guide's main page to read about other injuries and symptoms.
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